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A Brief History of Dogs at Keewaydin

Camp Dogs I Have Known

By: Pete Hare ‘59

Keewaydin’s history abounds with stories of trip adventures, heroic staffmen, Frolics skits, Old Timers’ Day Hi-Jinx, Tallman Competitions, Carnival concessions, and epic “Auks,” but one chapter of Keewaydin history that has not, perhaps, received the attention it deserves is that of the dogs of Keewaydin.  So numerous on campus  during the 1970s to be known as “the bow-wow wigwam,” our canine friends have been an important presence at camp for decades.  We’ve had German Shepherds, Labradors, Poodles, Labradoodles, Huskies, Malamutes, Shetlands, good old mutts and, of course, “Cree Beaver” dogs.  We have had dogs who became members of the All-Trails Club, birthed puppies at camp, wrestled with porcupines, rode in canoes down wilderness rapids and, on numerous occasions, cured a camper of homesickness. Inspired by the life of my wonderful and crazy dog, Tibi, I decided to write a brief history of dogs at Keewaydin.

Kee is the first dog I remember. Jim Fullerton, the Director of Moosalamoo, gave Kee to my parents as a wedding gift in 1954.  (One wonders whether a pooch was on Waboos and Katy’s wedding list.)  Kee was sired by Jim’s dog, Jaunty, who also spent his summers at camp.  Both dogs were enormous German Shepherds and, despite (or because of?) their familial tie, were notorious for getting into battles, causing campers and staff to scatter as they rolled around the Waramaug ballfield, fur flying and teeth bared.  Sometimes the two would be locked in such a ferocious fracas that the only way Waboos could break them up was to get out the starter’s pistol (generally reserved for mid-season canoe and swim races) and shoot it at close range!  Aside from his occasional melees with his father, Kee was a gentle, loveable dog, who patiently allowed campers to ride him as if he were a horse.  Kee made his mark at camp in many ways, one of which is permanent: a paw print in the concrete stairs of Waramaug Cabin 2 (now Gibson Wilderness House).

One type of dog that has a special chapter in Keewaydin history is the “Cree beaver” dog, so called because the olfactory prowess of these dogs was such that could detect whether a beaver lodge was occupied or not during the winter, thus helping the Cree know where to set their traps.  Between 1965 and the late 1980s, campers and staff on Wilderness Trips, from time to time, acquired these dogs in Cree villages, such as Mistassini Post. The pups would accompany the crews as they traveled through the northern wilds.  Generally small but extremely smart, they had the look of a miniature sled dog and were purported to have a bit of wolf blood in them.

The most famous of all the “Cree” dogs was Abby Fenn’s, Squish.  Abby brought Squish back to the great Keewaydin campus after a trip to Chibougamau and Riviere du Chef in 1965.  There is little doubt that Squish (which means “girl” in Cree) has the dubious distinction of being the least petted pet in the history of Keewaydin: those who tried, either quickly backed away when she bared her teeth and uttered her menacing growl or, worse, got a bloody hand!  Fortunately, for the 200 campers at camp, Squish spent most summers hundreds of miles away on wilderness trips with Abby, where she grew accustomed enough to the trippers to leave them in peace.  She was happiest in the Canadian wilderness.  An excellent canoe dog, she stood on the bow deck on flat water and in rapids (and only rarely fell out).   From time to time when she spotted a beaver or a goose swimming close by, she would leap from the boat in pursuit.  She generally gave up the hunt and returned to the canoe when it became apparent the she was a less proficient swimmer than her intended quarry.  A self-sufficient trip dog, she fended for herself for food, hunting mice and moles and plenty of scraps around the campsite.  Though her temperament was prickly, she was a very intelligent dog.  Abby could put a biscuit on her nose and say “on trust” and Squish would sit perfectly still until her master said “all paid for” and then she’d drop the biscuit and catch it before it hit the ground.  Abby married Gale Hurd in 1971 and their son, Ethan, was born in 1972.  When it became clear that Squish wasn’t as happy to welcome baby Ethan into the home as Abby and Gale were, Abby had to find another home for Squish.  Fortunately, Larry Jones had earned Squish’s respect while on wilderness trips with Abby, and he was happy to have her as a roommate.

In late July of 1968, a bag of bones of a dog wandered onto the Keewaydin campus.  A mutt by anyone’s standards, with short golden hair, droopy jowls and long flappy ears, she looked part lab, part hound and parts unknown—much like where she came from.  Days passed and nobody came round to claim her and she was in no hurry to leave camp, where there were 200 boys to scratch her behind the ears and staffmen who were willing to bring her kitchen scraps each day.  She had a sweet and calm disposition, and loved nothing more than sunbathing in the middle of the Waramaug ballfield, unfazed even while baseball games were being played!  Somewhere along the line, someone named her Cleo, and the name stuck.  A couple of staffmen said they might be willing to take Cleo home with them after camp, but when camp emptied out at the end of August, Cleo was still lying on the ballfield.  In the end, my siblings, Laurie and Steve, and I persuaded my parents to bring Cleo home with us—where else was she going to go?—and into the back of the station wagon she went, headed for Philadelphia.

Shortly after arriving at 113 Anton Road in Wynnewood, PA, it became clear that the weight Cleo had gained at camp was not just from her Keewaydin diet: Cleo would be having puppies sometime soon!  A few weeks later, she gave birth to seven cute little puppies in the Hare family garage.  We gave away all of the puppies, but Cleo was our pet for the next ten years, returning to camp every summer where she patiently allowed campers to pull, tug and wrestle with her—when she wasn’t snoozing on the ballfield!

The most striking dog at camp had to have been Kenai, Dan and Mary Patch’s Husky, who first came to camp in 1974.  She had dazzling blue eyes and a beautiful black and white coat.  Kenai “one upped” Cleo in the puppy department: in 1977 she gave birth AT camp, right under Mary Patch’s bed in Cabin 1 West in Annwi!  After the pups were born, Dan and Mary let the Annwi campers file through their cabin to witness “Mama” Kenai with her litter.  Later, the Patches set up a pen in the wigwam, where the puppies frolicked alongside the delighted Annwi campers for the rest of the summer.  The second born of the litter was the only one that looked like a Husky (the others looked more like the Black Lab father) was claimed by “Red” Dows, at the time a Wiantinaug staffman.  Red gave this majestic black and white dog the name “Czar” and he was a camp dog for the many summers that Red worked at camp though 1989.

Also arriving in 1974 was Abby’s second dog, Nmish (“fish” in Cree), brought back to camp from Mistassini Post by Seth Gibson.  Nmish was famous for his hiking prowess.  Whenever a group headed over the bridge for an adventure on Moosalamoo, he would join.  Nmish covered so much of the mountain that he became the first canine to enter the All-Trails Club.  Czar would frequently join these hikes, and on a few occasions the two would wander off from the group, sometimes not returning to camp for a couple of days!  On more than one occasion, Nmish or Czar would return to camp with a face full of porcupine quills!

Nmish’s sense of direction was uncanny.  Sally Margolin, the camp bookkeeper, learned this in dramatic fashion.  One day, Abby asked her to run an errand in Middlebury.  No camp vehicles being available, Abby gave Sally the keys to his personal car.  It wasn’t until she arrived in town that she noticed that Nmish was in the back seat!  Surprise was replaced by shock when she returned to the car after completing her errand and discovered that Nmish was gone, escaped out the window!  Panicked, she called camp.  Gale, wise to Nmish’s wanderings, knew not to worry, suspecting that Nmish likely tracked his way back to Gale and Abby’s “off-season” home in Weybridge, one or two miles away.  Sure enough, that is where Abby later found him!

Most dogs at camp these days reside with their owners in Brown’s Bay.  The Gutfreunds have had several, Lily in the 1990s; Pal, Posie and Strider in the 2000s; and, arriving as a puppy in 2015, Stark.  The Hildreths have brought Otis and Georgia.  The Warings had Morgan and Dunmore.  The Annwi campers have enjoyed a “wigwam” dog for many summers.  Sadie, Amy and Tom Vorenberg’s Black Lab, retrieved sticks and balls for campers (usually from the lake) for most of the 2000s.  Jersey, Anne and Drew Mackay’s Chocolate Lab, brought similar lab energy and love in the 2010s.  One of the most amazing  dogs in recent years was Matt King’s mixed Shepherd, Tucker, who, whenever Matt had to leave campus, would wait patiently at the foot of the bridge for his owner’s return.

Diane and I brought our yellow lab, Tibi, to camp in 2005, where she spent every summer through 2015.  Though gentle, loveable and loyal, her high energy and head-strong disposition led to many a misadventure, especially around food.  If food was in striking distance, she would go after it.  Needless to say, the “on leash” rule that applied to all dogs while on campus, was especially important for Tibi.  Woe to the wigwam having a cookout if Tibi got loose from her leash!  The truth is that she escaped from her leash or from Fennway more than Diane and I would like to admit.  And when she did, she made an event out of it.  Campers and staff would chase her all around the campus—“I saw her heading towards the lagoon!”  “There she is by the garboon!”  “I had her, but she got away!“  “Look! She jumped in the lake and is heading out to sea!”  Eventually, someone would catch her and bring her back to Diane or me.  Like many dogs before her, she also loved Mt. Moosalamoo.  Every morning she climbed with me to the Moosalamoo wigwam, a signal to the boys that the gong was about to ring, and she accompanied many groups of campers on hikes all over the mountain.  A water dog, she shamelessly plopped herself down right in the middle of streams (or mud) to cool off during a strenuous hike.  Living in Vermont year-round, Tibi was familiar with the trails of Moosalamoo in winter, making many a trip to Rattlesnake Point on snow covered trails.  Needless to say, she knew the trails like the back of her paw.

If asked what they value most about Keewaydin, I think that most campers, staff and alumni would say their camp friendships.  When they reflect on their tent mates, their trip mates and their favorite staff, many will surely remember some of their four-legged camp friends as well.  It is safe to say of our Keewaydin canine pets that they are among our camp “best friends.”

Passing of Abby Fenn ’39

Dear Keewaydineesi,

It is with great sadness that I bring you the news of the passing of Abby Fenn. He died early this morning while asleep at his apartment at Eastview in Middlebury. He was 93 years old.

A memorial service will be held for Abby on Sunday, August 30 at 11:00am at Keewaydin Dunmore. A service at his church, the Champlain Valley Unitarian Universalist Society, will take place later this spring.

Another Keewaydin giant has passed. Perhaps Waboos, Abby and Slim are reunited again, making plans for their next summer camp.

Keewaydinly,

Pete

Reflections on Songa’s Early Years

In celebrating 70 years of Keewaydin programs for girls Songadeewin initiated its own history project.  A part of this included having campers interview some of the charter campers and staff about their experiences in the early days of Songadeewin on Lake Dunmore. What follows is a portion of Courtney Mulcahy’s interview. She was a charter member of the Songa staff in 1999. Courtney was on campus for ten days in 2014 to fill in for the Camp Mom position.

 

Interview conducted by campers: Paloma Garcia, Trixie Stewart-Frommer and Eliza Bowman

How did you first find out about Songa?

CM: I found out about Songa from Theresa MacCallum, who still works in the Foundation office. My family has a house on Brown’s Bay, so I grew up coming to Lake Dunmore. The summer of 1998 was the only summer that I had ever been away from Lake Dunmore and I was very sad about it.  When our neighbor, Theresa, told my mother that Keewaydin was starting a girls’ program on Dunmore in 1999 I paddled over to Annwi in my kayak, where Ellen Flight was the Wigwam Director.  I introduced myself and told her I was a lifeguard and that I had taught riflery, sailing, kayaking, canoeing and other things.  I think Ellen was very excited to have someone who could teach all of these activities and had camp experience as she started to plan for a new camp.

What is your memory of the first time you came to campus?

CM: That’s a good question. I think it was probably very similar to what a camper feels; a little nervous about what it would be like. I had never worked in an all-girl environment before. We were a pretty small staff that first year. There were only 13 cabin staff.  I do remember going on our first trip school and learning how to load the trailer, put up a tent and tie knots. I remember that as a group we bonded really quickly. We were very excited to be here and to be part of this new camp. And then when the campers got here it was even better. We only used cabins up to Hemlock… I think Hemlock was the oldest campers. I was in Goldenrod that first year with Stacy Allen. She is from the UK and we are still friends to this day.

What other different roles at camp have you had and what you enjoyed about those?

CM: When I first came I was cabin and trip staff. I was only 20, so I was an assistant trip leader. I did that until the first year of the Leadership Team, which was 2003.  At that point, Ellen asked me to take on the Program Director role. So I did what Sally Stoll does now; organizing activities with staff and running Circle. When I was cabin staff I loved being in the cabin with the campers, getting to know our Longhouse, working with my co-staff and just being part of a team. I had some pretty crazy cabins over the years, but it was always fun and sometimes a challenge. I loved, loved, loved tripping. Because we were a smaller staff I got to do some of the bigger trips – Temagami (one of our longest and most challenging trips at the time) and Verendrye – I led the first Verendrye with a couple other staff.  I missed tripping when I became Program Director – that was a piece I had to give up.  As Program Director I got to know the staff a little bit better and I liked building the program so that it was more consistent.

When you had the job that Sally Stoll now has, did you do things like puzzle of the day?

CM: We didn’t. At that point we just came up with the board. It used to be that the staff just stood and said what they were doing and the campers would have to remember what the staff were offering. I don’t remember the way we used to pick – we didn’t do the OD cards as well as they are done now, so it was kind of a crazy circle. Not as organized as it is now. I love all the little images for the different activities on the board now. It’s really neat to see how it’s evolved. We did sing at each circle.

You already talked about this a little bit, but what are your first memories from your first trip school?

At our first Trip School, because there had never been a girls’ camp on Dunmore, two Keewaydin Dunmore guys were the leaders. I remember eating Spam for the first time and realized I like it extra crispy. Other memories…we went to Putnam Pond. Ellen came with us and taught us everything the new staff still learn. I think that trips and trip school are the two things that have been the most consistent since we started camp. Trips are very safe and everything is well covered in Trip School. Attention to safety is one of those things that hasn’t changed at all.

What are your memories of the first trip you ever led? How did you feel?

I was just telling a camper this the other day. The night before I went out on my first trip I got a little camp-sick – really nervous about leaving and taking these girls out on trip – using fire and axes and thinking about all the things that could possibly go wrong. I remember walking with Ellen, back from the dining hall, she helped ease my fears, told me that I was trained, that I knew what to do, and that I was going to be fine. She did what the staff do for a camper – she was there to say I was going to be great, I was going to be fine, and it was going to be just like Trip School. And it was. It was a great trip. We had a really good time.

So you were the first trip leader for Verendrye? What was that like?

That was my favorite trip. I was a co-leader with Mel Joyce and an assistant, Laura Patch, Steph Patch’s older sister. It was actually hard to come back to camp after being out there for so long. We had an awesome group of nine hard core trippers. They knew exactly what needed to be done in campsite. We did a lot of portages and some rapids. We would go days without seeing another human, – something I had never experienced before. A lot of good memories from the first Verendrye.

What was it like having such a small camp and such a small staff?

CM: The advantage is everyone knows everyone; it was like a big family. We used to all fit in Neshobe’s Nest for meals. The hard part of having a small staff means a lot more responsibilities. There wasn’t a Camp Mom, a Head of Tripping, or Head of Waterfront, so we each had to take on several different roles. If you were a lifeguard you were always down at the waterfront.

When you came back to camp in 2014, what were the big differences you noticed?

CM:  The Harter Lodge and The Fraser Dining Hall. Willoughby used to be behind the Wangan Room – we called it Tent-a-villa.It’s more than the physical differences though. There is better communication and a lot more processes to help things run smoothly. It’s still the same – a magical place for girls.

So what was in the area where the Longhouse Willoughby is now?

CM: There was nothing there – it was just open. Even those trees weren’t there, Ellen had the vision from early on she would want to put tents there, so she started planting the trees many years ago.

If you had been a camper here, what do you think you would have loved doing?

CM: I love that question – I always wanted to be a camper. I think I would have liked Arts & Crafts because I don’t do a lot of that in my regular life. Anything at the waterfront –swimming, diving, kayaking, and sailing – I loved sailing as a staff.  I also loved riflery and canoeing, especially whitewater canoeing.

Final Question, what keeps you returning to Songa?

CM: (laughing) The people, and there is just a spirit about this place that’s awesome. I think campers may not realize it until later, but for staff it was like home. I didn’t care what I looked like; I didn’t put on make-up and dress up. It was nice to just be yourself, be accepted and be supported. It’s amazing to come back into the Dining Hall and see my former campers as staff. That’s awesome. Some of my best friends today, are girls that I met when I worked here. I love Ellen and she’s always been amazingly supportive. Songa is a wonderful supportive place to come back to for a week and be part of it still. I like how both Keewaydin and Songa are multi-generational.  Here you have college kids, as well as, older staff and there is support for everyone.

Final, final question: What is one of your fondest memories here at Songa?

CM: I remember a Carnival with a big slip’n’slide. I remember the joy on kids faces – running and getting ready to do the slip’n’slide. And the trips – Verendrye was a great trip – I remember paddling back to the Songa shore, how excited and happy we were, and the big reunion/celebration we had when we returned. Lots of little memories.

BREAKING NEWS! CHARITABLE IRA ROLLOVER Extended

CHARITABLE IRA ROLLOVER extended for those 70 ½+ — BUT ONLY THROUGH DEC. 31, 2014!

The Charitable IRA Rollover was signed into law last week. Donors age 70 ½ and older may now transfer up to $100,000 from their IRA to a qualified public charity. This provision is in effect only through December 31, 2014, so if you want to take advantage of this, you will need to act now!

The transfer is not subject to federal income tax and qualifies for the donor’s 2014 required minimum distribution (RMD).

The reauthorization of the IRA charitable rollover is retroactive to January 1, 2014, and effective through December 31, 2014.

A few other details:

  • If your spouse has IRA accounts, you may each make gifts of $100,000 from these accounts.
  • While you cannot claim a charitable deduction for IRA gifts, this distribution from your IRA counts toward your minimum required distribution for the account and does NOT trigger income tax for you. It is a tax free transfer from your account directly to the Keewaydin Foundation.

How to complete this rollover gift:

Contact your IRA Provider to authorize the qualified charitable contribution from your IRA #____. Tell them to authorize a check in the amount of $— payable to KEEWAYDIN FOUNDATION, EIN 04 272 1019. Indicate to your provider that this distribution must occur before December 31, 2014, and all gifts must be postmarked no later than December 31, 2014.

Please contact Lauren Geiger at 802.238.2733 for more information. Thank you!

“Boats Out”

The following speech was delivered at Keewaydin Dunmore’s Sunday Circle during the summer of 2013 by Wiantinaug Director, Johnny Clore.

I have but one piece of advice for you: Go to “Boats Out.” After dinner, after store, head down to the waterfront and get in a canoe. Trust me, it’s worth it.

Almost every day that I’m at camp, I get into a canoe at least three times. Once, in the morning, before the gong, once at activity period, and once during boats out. Each time, I walk down to the racks and walk among the canoes, trying to decide which one feels right for that day and that time. Then it’s off the racks, onto my shoulders and down to the lake. I slide the boat into the water, pull it alongside the Wiantinaug dock, and take my place, kneeling on the cedar of the ribs. I grip my paddle and dig into the water, driving quiet whirlpools towards the stern. But, although each paddle begins in the same way, they are not at all the same.

That morning paddle is a workout. I hope for still waters as I drive the boat through the mist on my way towards the island. My stopwatch is running, and I keep a record of how long it takes me to get there and back. I take 100 strokes on my right side and then switch to my left. I keep a record of my average strokes per minute. I love this time of day, alone on the lake, arms pumping, the water fanning out behind my boat as I break the early morning glass. I arrive back at the dock just in time to hear the gong. I check my time and hope for something under 34 minutes.

A few hours later, I’m back on the water again, this time for activity period. Activity period is goal-oriented also, but the goals are different. It is an assignment, scheduled in advance with the specific purpose of helping campers achieve skill mastery. This is a time for me to teach and for campers to learn. It is a time to pass on the skill of a K-stroke to a camper and then to pass him on his coups. This paddle is about achievement, it is about helping a camper to gain the credentials he needs for his trip or for his coup K.  When the OD calls “boats in!” I am always eager to fill out a coup slip and celebrate the tangible progress that this paddle brought.

Then, after dinner, comes my final, and favorite, paddle of the day: “Boats Out.” I love “Boats Out” because it is different from the other two, a departure from goals, schedules, and deadlines. It exists not for the advancement of some certain skill or the achievement of some coup. “Boats Out” exists solely as a time to be content, to enjoy the boat, the water, the mountain. It does not demand the same focus or determination.  Sometimes I do a few dock landings, not so much for practice, but instead as a way to affirm my connection to the canoe. And sometimes I just glide, paddle resting on the gunwales, water smooth beneath the canvas.

We live in a fast-paced world. It is a world of schedules and appointments. It is a world that values promptness and sets deadlines. It is a world focused on achievements, skills, and credentials.  And in many ways, there’s nothing wrong with these values. Indeed, a boy who is motivated to earn his first coup in canoeing will gain a valuable skill as the fruit of his labor. However, we must often remind ourselves that time outside of such focused, goal-oriented pursuit is not at all wasted.

Too often, we are reminded that there are 24 usable hours in every day and we are told to fill them up with worthy pursuits. In the few moments of down time that we manage, we fear boredom.

But there is also value in peaceful quiet. There is value in those precious moments after dinner and before the frolics, those moments spent not in the pursuit of anything. Cognitive psychologists would tell you that in these moments, your cognition broadens, allowing creativity and synthesis. But even without their science, we know that there is value in these moments spent fully engaged in the present, content in the world, in a wood canvas canoe, on a lake in Vermont, listening to the water, looking at the mountain, and feeling the breeze on your face. There is value in “Boats Out.”

I may not be the first to remind you of the value of these moments. Indeed, such a reminder has become almost cliché: stop and smell the roses. But to me, that’s not quite it; we shouldn’t need to interrupt our lives to enjoy the simple stillness and goodness of the world we live in. Live with the scent of the roses ever in your nose. Live in the moment and be in the place you are. Seek contented stillness in the moments filled with nothing at all. Go to “Boats Out.”

All too soon, we will head home from Keewaydin, back to Boston or Philly or New York. And as we leave we lose that time after dinner on the lake. But the value of “Boats Out” is only greater in a world more hectic and intense. So make “Boats Out” a part of your life throughout the year. It may not be in a canoe. You may find “Boats Out” in a quiet walk or in sitting on the porch alone. Wherever it is, let your mind go to that contented place, unbothered by credentials and to-do lists. And when you’re there, let yourself glide like a canoe on a calm lake on a warm August evening.

Wherever you are, go to “Boats out.”

New Director of Development Joins Foundation

Dear Keewaydin Alumni, Families and Friends,LGM Headshot 2012

It is with great pleasure to announce that Lauren Geiger will be joining the Keewaydin Foundation team as our new Development Director!  Many of you already know Lauren from her work with us during the campaign as a consultant with Demont and Associates.  Currently, she is a senior development officer at Norwich University.

Lauren officially begins on October 1. I feel very fortunate to have Lauren directing our development operations.  She has rich experience, terrific people skills, great instincts, and an abiding appreciation of Keewaydin.

Keewaydinly,

PETE INFORMAL

 

 

Pete Hare

Executive Director

A 120 Year History of Wood-Canvas Canoes

Canoes: The Boat Upon Which We Float Our Philosophy

by Bruce Ingersoll and Dylan Schoelzel

 

Lake Temagami, 1903
Lake Temagami, 1903

Ask  anyone who has attended one of our camps what they remember most, and one of the first things they will tell you about are the canoes and the canoe trips.  Founded by A.S. Gregg Clarke, Keewaydin first began leading canoe trips for young boys and men through the north woods of Maine in 1893.  The focus of Camp Kah-Kou, as it was known then, was wilderness canoe trips. Clarke believed that on these adventurous expeditions, boys and young men, would grow strong, learn about courage,  teamwork, and independence and develop an appreciation for wilderness.  That mission remains at the center of the Keewaydin experience and has broadened to include multiple camps and girls and young women. Today, Keewaydin is home to the world’s largest fleet of working wood-and-canvas canoes which continue to be the heart of the Keewaydin experience.

Keewaydin has an enormous fleet of canoes designed to do one thing: carry campers out into the wilderness with hopes and expectation for adventure and then safely return with a newfound sense of the world and themselves.  Each canoe may travel anywhere from 200-600 miles a summer all over Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, Manitoba, northern New England and eastern New York.  They cross vast lakes through all types of winds and weather.  They are paddled and poled upstream to cross heights of land, and they nimbly navigate whitewater.  Our canoes hold loads in excess of 700 pounds as they travel downstream on some of the wildest rivers Canada has to offer: the Eastmain, Rupert, George, Koksoak and Great Whale rivers. They even ply the salty waters of Hudson Bay.

The early fleet; pre 1925

No information survives to tell us what types of canoes were used when Keewaydin started in Maine in the 1890’s.  They were most likely locally built wood-and-canvas and birch bark canoes.

When the camp moved to Temagami, a more permanent fleet of wide board (rib and batten) canoes, bark canoes, and wood-canvas canoes built by EM White, was established.  During the first few years, wide board and bark canoes were bought directly from the Hudson Bay Company.  EM White canoes were supplied through Henry McCleod who was the only Maine guide to follow Clarke from Maine to Temagami.  McCleod was instrumental in constructing the early camp buildings on Devil’s Island and he was also known as the canoe foreman (caretaker of the canoe fleet).  In the off-season McCleod returned to Maine where he was gainfully employed by EM White, the canoe builder who had set up shop in 1885 in the Old Town, Maine area.

Keewaydin Dunmore and Keewayin Temagami purchased canoes almost exclusively from Chestnut Canoe Company between 1925 and the early 1970s.
Keewaydin Dunmore and Keewayin Temagami purchased canoes almost exclusively from Chestnut Canoe Company between 1925 and the early 1970s.

The Chestnut era; 1925-1979                                                

By this point in time Keewaydin on Lake Dunmore was firmly established and canoes and canoeing were at the heart of the Temagami and Dunmore camp experiences.  In about 1925,  McCleod retired from canoe building, and Temagami folks began purchasing canoes from the Chestnut Canoe Company in New Brunswick.  This marked the beginning of a relationship that lasted more than 50 years.  Keewaydin Dunmore stayed with the EM Whites for a longer period of time, preferring the eighteen-and-a-half foot canoe that was a dream to paddle, but ferociously heavy to portage.  But by the early 1950’s both camps were buying almost exclusively from Chestnut.

During the Chestnut era the canoe fleet became standardized with two models; the Chestnut Cruiser and the Chestnut Prospector.  One of the more unique features of the Keewaydin canoe during this time period was the wannigan rib.  The ribs were created by Keewaydin and installed in their canoes by Chestnut at the factory.  These narrower ribs were clinch nailed over the main ribs in the canoe.  There are typically 6 of these ribs per canoe, 3 on each side of the center thwart, positioned on every other rib starting with the two center ribs.  Their purpose is to add overall strength to the hull, particularly where the wannigans are loaded, and to keep the main ribs from prematurely breaking.

Wannigans, sometimes weighing upwards of 100 pounds each, are almost always loaded two to a canoe, one on each side of the center thwart.  The ribs beneath the wannigan are subjected to unusual wear and tear from loading and unloading.  Also, wannigans are known to literally hop or bounce up and down in rapids and on windy lakes.

Keewaydin became one of Chestnuts largest retail purchasers with a standing order every year until Chestnut closed their doors for good in 1979.  Canoes were shipped from New Brunswick via rail to Vermont and to the town of Temagami.  In the town of Temgagami they were loaded onto a large steamer that made deliveries on the lake.

Don Fraser with the first canoe he sold to Keewaydin Temagami in 1982.
Don Fraser with the first canoe he sold to Keewaydin Temagami in 1982.

 

The Chestnut canoe became embedded into the camp as an icon of durability and performance.  As the last few years of the Chestnut Canoe Company dwindled along in the late 1970’s the camps had a hard time buying the models they wanted.  The last year Chestnut was open Keewaydin purchased the final remaining inventory of Guide Specials (a model built on the cruiser form but constructed with nearly twice the number of ribs as a regular cruiser model).  It was all they could buy.

Post Chestnut:

This period, the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, was a rough one for canoes and Keewaydin.  The traditional vessels were no longer available but the impetus to canoes trip was as strong as it ever was.  Camp leadership scrambled to find someone out there to build canoes.  Old Town sold wood-and-canvas canoes, with the 18′ Guide model being preferred especially for the Wauramaug Wigwam at Keewaydin Dunmore.  But they were very expensive.  At the same time plastics were taking hold and ABS presented a durable and inexpensive alternative to wood and canvas.  But at what point is durability traded for the grace and flex of a wood-and-canvas craft?  More importantly, would the use of synthetics change the way business was done on a Keewaydin canoe trip?  Would the essential teachings  sacred to Commodore Clarke be diminished?  The conversations were very similar at both camps and in the end, the solutions were remarkably the same and preserved the essence of the Keewaydin Experience.

 

Temagami Solutions:

As the supply of wood-and-canvas canoes dried up in Temagami, Fred Reimers, then director, looked around at the world of synthetic canoes and purchased first a set of six early model ABS canoes and then twenty-four Kevlar canoes for use in the youngest boys wigwam: Manitou.  The big Kevlar canoes were a better compromise and could carry a big load – ideal for Manitou where each canoe carried a non-paddling mojo.  Those canoes remained in service into the ’90’s.

But the rest of the camp still needed canoes and Reimers was able to avoid moving the whole camp to Kevlar when hope presented itself in the form of Donald Fraser of Fredericton, New Brunswick.  When the assets of Chestnut were sold off, some of the canoe forms were purchased by Fraser, who was Chesnut’s sales manager at the time.  He began working for Chestnut in 1951 and knew that Keewaydin was a steady customer that relied on the Cruiser and Prospector.   Fraser chipped away at his retirement endeavor by building his shop in the early 80’s.  His first canoe came to Devil’s Island in the summer of 1982.  For the next 25 years Fraser continued to keep the Chestnut/Keewaydin relationship alive by supplying the camp with seventeen foot Cruisers and Prospectors.

A new era of builders 

Emily and Dylan Schoelzel at  their Salmon Falls Canoe Shop in Shelburn, MA.
Emily and Dylan Schoelzel at their Salmon Falls Canoe Shop in Shelburn, MA.

A girls’ program was introduced on Temagami in 1999.  Around the same time the canoes used in the youngest boys sections, the Manitou wigwam, were old and tired.  The camp needed a new fleet of canoes for the girls program and they needed to do something about those in Manitou.  Fraser was capable of building only so many canoes a year in his small New Brunswick one man shop.  This, coupled with the fact that Fraser would not be able to build canoes forever, set the camp looking for new canoe builders again.

For the girls program, Keewaydin turned to Dylan and Emily Schoelzel of Salmon Falls Canoe in Shelburne, Massachusetts.  Both Dylan and Emily had deep backgrounds at Keewaydin.  Dylan was a long time camper and member of the staff and Emily, also an veteran tripper and who’s family was no stranger to Keewaydin, was hired to start the girls program in 1999. Both understood Keewaydin and requirements for their canoes.  The Schoelzel’s delivered their first canoe, the Chicot (pronounced Shee-koh), to the camp in 2000.

For the younger boys of Manitou the camp turned to Glenn and Dianne Toogood of Garden Island Canoe in Temagami . Both Glen and Diane are longtime residents of Temagami and have a long history with the camp which among other things included rebuilding canoes. Their Mojo model, named after the Ojibway word for a canoe carrying more people than its two paddlers, was a natural fit.

Dunmore Solutions:

On Lake Dunmore the same debates raged around campfires.  The Wilderness Trip was the focal point for the canoe conversation.  When the EM Whites were no longer available, the Wilderness Trip used Tremblays, a big sturdy Prospector sized canoe built in St. Felicien Quebec.  Tremblays were workhorses and into the 1970’s were accessible to the point that a trip could swing by on their way to Misstissini and pick one up if a canoe was damaged.  They were perfect until the shop was abruptly closed in the mid-1970’s leaving the camp without a supplier.

Waboos Hare and Abby Fenn presided over the transition and wound up with two very neat solutions.  The first was to begin using ABS canoes.  Abby Fenn, in particular, was an experimenter and wanted to give ABS a try.  They were able to find nice seventeen foot tripping canoes at Old Town, the Tripper and it was adopted into the fleet to be used on longer river trips where there was more whitewater to be run.  In 1977 one ABS canoe went on the Wilderness Trip and the other four were wood-and-canvas, most likely a mix of Chesnuts and Tremblays.  In 1978, it was four ABS canoes and one wood-and-canvas and by 1984 the change  was complete. The design was perfect and the price was good. But most importantly the canoes were able to continue to serve the mission.

Schuy Thompson at his shop, Thompson Canoe Works. Photo by Abby Burbank.
Schuy Thompson at his shop, Thompson Canoe Works. Photo by Abby Burbank.

As for the wood-and-canvas fleet, Schylur Thompson stepped into the void much the same way Don Fraser did up in Temagami.  A long time trip leader and camper at   Dunmore, Thompson became interested in canoe repair in the 70’s and began his apprenticeship with long-time Dunmore maintenance man Chuck Conard.  They      began by repairing one of the great war canoes and for Thompson the rest was easy.  He set up his own business outside of Keewaydin, took on rebuilding the Dunmore   fleet and all wood canvas canoes.  By the late 1980’s Thompson began to build and supply new canoes for Dunmore and continues to do so today.

 Present day; the fleet today and the future outlook:

Keewaydin’s fleet consists of roughly 350 canoes, 232 of which are wood-and-canvas.  At Temagami there are not many historical examples as far as age and maker is  concerned, since these are hard working canoes.  Most are 20-40 years old with the bulk having been built within the past 20.  At Dunmore the history comes with the  canoes named in honor of staff who served at Keewaydin for 20 years. 10 of these are Chestnuts.

By today’s standards it is easy for the fleet to be viewed as rather unusual.  Unlike most camps that have abandoned their wood canvas canoes in favor of synthetic  materials, all of Keewaydin Temagami’s trips are done in wood canvas canoes.  At Dunmore the Wilderness and the Moosalamoo trips are all done in ABS because they  encounter so much white water.  The rest of the trips head out in the trusty wood-and-canvas canoe.

Keewaydin keeps the wooden canoe not just for the sake of nostalgia, but because it provides so much of what Keewaydin offers.  The wooden canoe teaches

Summer of 2012 Tallman Competition.
Summer of 2012 Tallman Competition.

invaluable lessons in taking care of your gear and teaching a set of highly refined paddling skills that no other canoe can teach.

Over the last 120 years canoes at Keewaydin have been bought and sold, traded and lost, buried and burned, left behind so trips could get home on the train or an airplane, and they have all been paddled thousands and thousands of miles.  Carrying their passengers through thick and thin, cold and warm, dry and wet, the Keewaydin fleet is capable of telling canoe trip stories that most of us can only dream about.  We may never know how many canoes Keewaydin has used over the years, hundreds if not in the thousands, but one thing will always remain true – the wooden canoe is strong and alive and accounts for a large part of what makes the Keewaydin Way so unique and special.